Spearhead Conference

Sources and Statistics

Child Abuse, Exploitation, and Trafficking

Approximately 1.6 million runaway/throwaway youth are at risk of sexual exploitation.

Runaway/Thrownaway Children: National Estimates and Characteristics


Up to 90% of child sex trafficking victims have been involved in the child welfare system.

States’ Prevention of Child Sex Trafficking in Foster Care


150,000 new escort ads are posted online every day. Somewhere in that pile of data are children who are bought and sold online for sex.

Online sex ads rebound, months after shutdown of Backpage | AP News


About 1 in 10 children will be sexually abused before their 18th birthday.

Darkness to Light


About 90% of children who are victims of sexual abuse know their abuser.

https://www.d2l.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/02/Child-Sexual-Abuse-All-Statistics.pdf


In 2024, NCMEC received more than 27,800 reports of possible child sex trafficking.

Child Sex Trafficking


NCMEC has received reports of child sex trafficking in all 50 U.S. States , Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico. These reports include incidents occurring in every type of community: suburban, rural, urban, and tribal lands.

Child Sex Trafficking


1 in 7 of the more than 29,000 cases of children reported missing to NCMEC in 2024 were likely victims of child sex trafficking. 

Child Sex Trafficking


Children are most vulnerable to child sexual abuse between the ages of 7 and 13.

The Issue – Child Rescue Coalition


15 is the average age of child sex trafficking victims reported missing to NCMEC.

Child Sex Trafficking


2020 was a record-breaking year, with more than 21.7 million reports of suspected child sexual exploitation made to NCMEC’s CyberTipline. This marks the highest number of reports ever received in one year – a 28% increase over 2019 – and a disturbing 97.5% increase in online enticement reports alone. (NCMEC, Rise in Online Enticement and Other Trends: NCMEC Releases 2020 Exploitation Stats, Feb. 24, 2021)

Sexual Predators/exploitation /child pornography


The average age a teen enters the sex trade in the US is 12 to 14 years old. Many victims are runaway girls who were sexually abused as children.

Human Trafficking Into and Within the United States: A Review of the Literature | ASPE

Life expectancy after becoming trafficked: 7 years.

Human Trafficking: Meaning & Statistics | American SPCC – Child Trafficking & Exploitation in U.S.

CHILD SEX TRAFFICKING HAS BEEN REPORTED IN ALL 50 STATES

https://www.missingkids.org/content/dam/missingkids/pdfs/CSTinAmerica_ParentsGuardians.pdf

In 2024, NCMEC received more than 27,800 reports of possible child sex trafficking.

Child Sex Trafficking

The U.S. National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) reported a 98.66 percent increase in online enticement reports between January and September 2020 compared to the same period in 2019, and reports to their CyberTipline doubled to 1.6 million.

The U.S. Department of State’s 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP)

In 2017, IOM estimated that 41 percent of child trafficking experiences are facilitated by family members and/or caregivers.

The U.S. Department of State’s 2021 Trafficking in Persons Report (TIP)

Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) 

New data reveals that self-generated imagery now accounts for nearly a third of web pages featuring sexual images of children actioned by the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF). More than three quarters of the self-generated material – be it images or videos –feature 11 to 13-year-old children, of which the majority are girls. (Internet Watch Foundation, Jan. 15, 2020)

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

The number of child sexual abuse files reviewed by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children rose from 450,000 files in 2004 to 61 million files in 2024.

How Tech Enables the Spread of CSAM | Thorn

In 2024, the CyberTipline received 20.5 million reports related to 29.2 million incidents of suspected child sexual exploitation.

Our Impact


The CyberTipline has received more than 195 million reports related to CSAM since its inception in 1998.

Child Sexual Abuse Material

CVIP has reviewed more than 425 million [CSAM] images/videos.

Child Sexual Abuse Material

More than 30,000 victims have been identified by law enforcement and submitted to NCMEC.

Child Sexual Abuse Material

The most shared child abuse file is currently being seen on over 2.5 million unique IP addresses.

The Issue – Child Rescue Coalition

Since inception, CRC has identified 72.5 million unique IP addresses worldwide sharing and downloading sexually explicit images and videos of children.

The Issue – Child Rescue Coalition

In 2024, 61 million child sexual abuse files were reviewed by the National Center for Missing & Exploited Children.

How Tech Enables the Spread of CSAM | Thorn

20,254 AI-generated images were found to have been posted to one dark web CSAM forum in a one-month period According to a 2023 Internet Watch Foundation Report 

How AI is being abused to create child sexual abuse imagery

In 2023, more than 104 million files of suspected CSAM were reported in the US.

Thorn and All Tech Is Human Forge Generative AI Principles with AI Leaders to Enact Strong Child Safety Commitments

In 2023, 7% of minors reported they’d reshared someone else’s sexual images, yet nearly 20% reported they had seen nonconsensually reshared intimate images of others.

Deepfake Nudes and Other Trends in Youth Behavior Online in 2023: New Research From Thorn

Exploitation and Trafficking


88% of trafficking cases happen online

https://www.poweroverpredators.org

In 2020, over 80% of the [Justice Department’s] sex trafficking prosecutions involved online advertising.

Traffickers abusing online technology, UN crime prevention agency warns

Data shows that in the United States approximately 40% of sex trafficking victims are recruited online, making the Internet the most common place where victim recruitment takes place.

Traffickers abusing online technology, UN crime prevention agency warns

There are approximately 2,000 shelter beds available for human trafficking survivors across the U.S. 

http://www.ccasa.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/01/Shelter-Beds-For-Human-Trafficking-Survivors.pdf

Between 18,000 and 20,000 victims are trafficked into the United States annually.

Estimating Human Trafficking into the United States: Development of a Methodology


Children account for nearly 1/3 of identified trafficking victims globally.

Children account for nearly one-third of identified trafficking victims globally

Human trafficking is one of the largest and fastest growing criminal enterprises in the world. 

8 facts you need to know about human trafficking in the 21st century


There are an estimated 27.6 million human trafficking victims worldwide.

Human Trafficking Quick Facts | Homeland Security

40% of forced labor victims are women and girls and 12% are children.

Data and research on forced labour

Through intimate partners or family members are the top two ways victims are recruited into trafficking. 

Love and Trafficking – Polaris

Less than half of 1 percent of human trafficking victims are identified.

2020 Federal Human Trafficking Report

The majority of 2020 active sex trafficking cases involved the internet as the primary method of solicitation.

2020 Federal Human Trafficking Report

In 2020, 59% of online victim recruitment in active sex trafficking cases occurred on Facebook.

2020 Federal Human Trafficking Report

Online solicitation was the primary strategy employed by traffickers in 81% of all federal sex trafficking prosecutions filed from 2000 through 2020.

2020 Federal Human Trafficking Report

The 2023 Global Slavery Index (GSI) estimates that on any given day in 2021, there were 1.1 million people living in modern slavery in the US.

Modern slavery in United States | Walk Free


According to the United Nations’ International Labour Organization, human traffickers victimize an estimated 27.6 million people worldwide.

Human Trafficking Quick Facts | Homeland Security

Pornography

The average age of first exposure to pornography is 12 years old. 

The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics

61% of the general population report viewing pornography.

The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics

73% of teens have viewed pornography.

The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics


A 2020 survey of thousands of pornographic videos found that 45% had at least one act of physical aggression.

The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics

Eight out of ten 18 year olds think it is too easy for young people to accidentally see pornography online.

Enough Is Enough: youth and Porn

93.2% of boys and 62.1% of girls have seen online pornography before age 18.

Enough Is Enough: youth and Porn

Among youth 12 years to 14 years, 88% in the United States used the Internet.

Enough Is Enough: youth and Porn

More and younger children are accessing internet pornography. The average age of first exposure is 11 (Randel and Sanchez, “Huffington Post” – 2016). However, “children under 10 now account for 22% of online porn consumption under 18” (British Journal of School Nursing.)

Enough Is Enough: youth and Porn


41% of young people (aged between 11 and 17) who knew about pornography agreed that watching pornography made people less respectful of the opposite sex. Only 13% disagreed.

Enough Is Enough: youth and Porn

There was a disconnect between parents’ perceptions of their children’s pornography viewing practices and the reality: 75% of parents felt their child would not have seen pornography online, but of those children, 53% said they had in fact seen pornography.

Enough Is Enough: Pornography

9 of 10 kids are unwillingly exposed to explicit content.

Why Gabb? Limiting Screen Time For Kids – Safe Tech

Technology, Internet, and Social Media


On average, children aged 8-18 in the United States spend 7 1/2 hours a day watching or using screens.

Screen Time and Children

Two-thirds of parents in the U.S. say parenting is harder today than it was 20 years ago, with many citing technologies – like social media or smartphones – as a reason

Parenting Kids in the Age of Screens, Social Media and Digital Devices | Pew Research Center

1 in 5 girls (aged 13-17) agreed that they have shared their own nudes.

Self-Generated Child Sexual Abuse Material: Attitudes and Experiences

50% of kids who shared nudes sent them to someone they had never met in real life. 

Thorn research: Trends confirm need for parents to talk about online safety with kids earlier, more often

1 in 5 youth received a sexual solicitation online.

Why Gabb? Limiting Screen Time For Kids – Safe Tech

82% of online sex crimes start with social media.

Why Gabb? Limiting Screen Time For Kids – Safe Tech

It takes 8 minutes for an online predator to form a bond with a child.

International Centre for Missing and Exploited Children 

The most common goal of online predators is to receive images from children.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

The latest online predator statistics of 2023 show that 500,000 predators are a daily threat to kids on the internet. And it doesn’t stop there, children aged 12 to 15 are the main target of online predators.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]


It’s estimated that, at any given time, there are 500,000 internet predators actively pursuing children through multiple online profiles.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

There are estimates of as many as five million predators on the internet.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

98% of cyber predators are people children don’t know in real life.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

There were over 7,000 reports related to online financial sextortion of minors in 2022.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

Offenses involving grooming online occur on over 70 different apps and games. Most offenses involve the usage of multiple of these platforms.

Online Predator Statistics [2023 Update]

Roughly 1 in 10 minors reported they knew of friends or classmates who used AI tools to generate nudes of other kids.

Deepfake Nudes and Other Trends in Youth Behavior Online in 2023: New Research From Thorn

1 in 6 minors who experienced an online sexual interaction did not disclose their experience to anyone.

Deepfake Nudes and Other Trends in Youth Behavior Online in 2023: New Research From Thorn

1 in 17 minors reported having personally experienced sextortion.

Deepfake Nudes and Other Trends in Youth Behavior Online in 2023: New Research From Thorn

By age 11, the majority of kids have their own smart phone. 

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

Nearly 40 percent of children have either received and/or sent a “sext” by the age of 13.

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

Teens now spend up to 9 hours a day on social media platforms. 

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

40% of teens agreed that “it’s normal for people my age to share nudes with each other.”

Thorn Research: Understanding sexually explicit images, self-produced by children

On average, children from birth to age 8 use about two and a half hours of screen media a day.

THE COMMON SENSE CENSUS: MEDIA USE BY KIDS AGE ZERO TO EIGHT

95% of early childhood videos included some form of advertising, and one in five videos viewed by children 8 and under contained ads that were not age-appropriate.

THE COMMON SENSE CENSUS: MEDIA USE BY KIDS AGE ZERO TO EIGHT

According to a recent consumer survey* commissioned by Smith Micro Software, 75% of parents have indicated that keeping track of their children’s social interactions is a major source of anxiety during the COVID-19 crisis. And while nearly 90% of parents have restricted their children’s in-person socialization to help ease their anxiety, the shift to more online activity is presenting a growing concern. In fact, more than 70% of parents feel helpless when it comes to limiting their child’s screen time, particularly due to online schooling and limited entertainment and socialization options. (September 22, 2020) The study also found that while more than half (59%) of parents indicated that they are more grateful for the technology than ever before to help keep kids connected, more than 60% feel that they need to monitor their child’s internet use more closely but are overwhelmed and don’t know where to start.

Enough Is Enough: online parenting


Almost half (46 per cent) of young people aged 12-16 feel they’re addicted to their smartphones (Digital Wellbeing 2020, The Cybersmile Foundation).

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

A study published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry suggests that teenagers who spend more than three hours a day on social media are more likely to develop mental health problems including depression, anxiety, aggression, and antisocial behavior.

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

The amount of time people spend on social media is constantly increasing. Teens now spend up to nine hours a day on social platforms, while 30% of all time spent online is now allocated to social media interaction. And the majority of that time is on mobile – 60% of social media time spent is facilitated by a mobile device. (socialmediatoday.com – accessed 8/2/19)

Social Media, Mobile Phones and Sexting

Teachers report that cyberbullying is their #1 safety concern in their classrooms according to a recent Google survey (January 2019).

Enough Is Enough: Cyberbullying

A Majority of Teens Have Experienced Some Form of Cyberbullying. 59% of U.S. teens have been bullied or harassed online, and a similar share says it’s a major problem for people their age. 

A Majority of Teens Have Experienced Some Form of Cyberbullying | Pew Research Center

Checking social media while driving happens to 55% of drivers.

Social Media Addiction Statistics 2025 – TrueList